Ukuguqulwa ngakunye komkhiqizo kufana nokwakheka kwabantu. Ubuso budinga ukumbozwa ngezendlalelo eziningana zokuqukethwe ukuze kuqedwe inqubo yokuhlobisa ubuso. Ubukhulu bengubo buvezwa ngama-micron. Ngokuvamile, ububanzi bezinwele bungama-micron angamashumi ayisikhombisa noma angamashumi ayisishiyagalombili, kanti ingubo yensimbi iyingxenye encane yayo. Umkhiqizo wenziwe ngenhlanganisela yezinsimbi ezahlukahlukene futhi umbozwe ngezendlalelo eziningana zezinsimbi ezahlukene ukuze kuqedwe inqubo yokwenza. Lesi sihloko sethula kafushane ulwazi olufanele lwe-electroplating kanye ne-color plating. Okuqukethwe kungokwereferensi kubangani abathenga futhi banikeze izinhlelo zezinto zokupakisha ezisezingeni eliphezulu:
I-Electroplating inqubo esebenzisa isimiso se-electrolysis ukupakisha ungqimba oluncane lwezinye izinsimbi noma ama-alloy ebusweni bezinsimbi ezithile. Yinqubo esebenzisa i-electrolysis ukuhlanganisa ifilimu yensimbi ebusweni bensimbi noma ezinye izingxenye zezinto ukuze kuvinjelwe ukugqwala kwensimbi (njengokugqwala), kuthuthukisa ukumelana nokuguguleka, ukuqhuba, ukubuyisa, ukumelana nokugqwala (izinsimbi ezimboziwe ikakhulukazi ziyizinsimbi ezingagqwali) futhi kuthuthukisa ukubukeka.
Isimiso
Ukufaka i-electroplating kudinga ugesi ophansi, onamandla aphezulu ohlinzeka ngamandla ethangini lokufaka i-electroplating kanye nedivayisi ye-electrolytic equkethe isixazululo sokufaka i-plating, izingxenye ezizofakwa i-plated (i-cathode) kanye ne-anode. Inqubo yokufaka i-electroplating inqubo lapho ama-ion ensimbi esixazululweni sokufaka i-plating encishiswa abe ama-athomu ensimbi ngokusebenzisa ukusabela kwe-electrode ngaphansi kwesenzo sensimu kagesi yangaphandle, futhi ukufakwa kwensimbi kwenziwa ku-cathode.
Izinto ezisebenzayo
Iningi lezimbozo ziyizinsimbi noma ama-alloy angawodwa, njenge-titanium, i-palladium, i-zinc, i-cadmium, igolide noma ithusi, ithusi, njll.; kukhona futhi izendlalelo zokuhlakazeka, njenge-nickel-silicon carbide, i-nickel-fluorinated graphite, njll.; kanye nezendlalelo zokumboza, njengesensimbini ungqimba lwe-Copper-nickel-chromium ensimbini, ungqimba lwesiliva-indium ensimbini, njll. Ngaphezu kwensimbi ecijile esekelwe ensimbini, insimbi kanye nensimbi engagqwali, izinto eziyisisekelo zokufaka i-electroplating zifaka phakathi izinsimbi ezingezona i-ferrous, noma amapulasitiki e-ABS, i-polypropylene, i-polysulfone kanye namapulasitiki e-phenolic. Kodwa-ke, amapulasitiki kumele abhekane nokwelashwa okukhethekile kokusebenza kanye nokuzwela ngaphambi kokufaka i-electroplating.
Umbala wokufaka
1) Ukufakwa kwensimbi eyigugu: njengeplatinum, igolide, i-palladium, isiliva;
2) Ukufakwa kwensimbi okuvamile: njenge-platinum yokulingisa, isibhamu esimnyama, i-cobalt yethini engena-nickel, ithusi lasendulo, ithusi elibomvu lasendulo, isiliva lasendulo, ithini lasendulo, njll.
Ngokusho kobunzima benqubo
1) Imibala ejwayelekile yokuhlobisa: iplatinum, igolide, i-palladium, isiliva, iplatinum yokulingisa, isibhamu esimnyama, i-cobalt yethini engena-nickel, i-nickel yeparele, iplatifomu yopende omnyama;
2) Ukufakwa okukhethekile: ukufakwa kwezinto zakudala (kufaka phakathi i-patina enamafutha, i-patina edaywe, i-patina enezintambo), ukufakwa kwezinto ezinemibala emibili, ukufakwa kwesihlabathi, ukufakwa kwe-brush line, njll.
Iplatinamu eyodwa
Iyinsimbi ebizayo neyivelakancane. Umbala wayo umhlophe njengesiliva. Inezakhiwo ezizinzile, ukumelana nokuguguleka okuhle, ubulukhuni obuphezulu kanye nesikhathi eside sokugcina umbala. Ingenye yemibala engcono kakhulu yokubeka i-electroplating surface. Ubukhulu bayo bungaphezu kwama-microns angu-0.03, kanti i-palladium ivame ukusetshenziswa njengengqimba engezansi ukuze ibe nomphumela omuhle wokubambisana, futhi uphawu lungagcinwa iminyaka engaphezu kwemi-5.
Iplatinamu yokulingisa engu-2
Insimbi efakwa ngogesi iyi-alloy yethusi-tin (Cu/Zn), kanti i-platinum eyi-mitation ibizwa nangokuthi i-white copper-tin. Umbala usondelene kakhulu negolide elimhlophe futhi uphuzi kancane kunegolide elimhlophe. Izinto zokwakha zithambile futhi ziyaphila, futhi ungqimba olungaphezulu kulula ukulufiphaza. Uma luvaliwe, lungashiywa isigamu sonyaka.
Igolide eli-3
Igolide (Au) liyinsimbi eyigugu. I-plating evamile yokuhlobisa. Izilinganiso ezahlukene zezithako ziza ngemibala ehlukene: 24K, 18K, 14K. Futhi ngalolu hlelo kusukela kophuzi kuya koluhlaza okotshani, kuzoba nomehluko othile ngombala phakathi kobukhulu obuhlukene. Inezakhiwo ezizinzile futhi ubulukhuni bayo ngokuvamile buyi-1/4-1/6 yeplatinum. Ukumelana kwayo nokuguguleka kuyisilinganiso. Ngakho-ke, isikhathi sayo sokuphila kombala simaphakathi. Igolide le-rose lenziwe nge-alloy yegolide-yethusi. Ngokwesilinganiso, umbala uphakathi kophuzi wegolide nobomvu. Uma kuqhathaniswa nezinye igolide, liphila kakhulu, kunzima ukulawula umbala, futhi livame ukuba nomehluko wombala. Isikhathi sokugcina umbala asisihle njengeminye imibala yegolide futhi lishintsha umbala kalula.
Isiliva esingu-4
Isiliva (i-Ag) yinsimbi emhlophe esabela kakhulu. Isiliva sishintsha umbala kalula uma sibhekene nama-sulfide nama-chloride emoyeni. I-Silver plating ngokuvamile isebenzisa ukuvikelwa kwe-electrolytic kanye nokuvikelwa kwe-electrophoresis ukuqinisekisa impilo ye-plating. Phakathi kwazo, impilo yesevisi yokuvikelwa kwe-electrophoresis yinde kuneye-electrolysis, kodwa iphuzi kancane, imikhiqizo ecwebezelayo izoba nezimbobo ezincane, futhi izindleko nazo zizokhuphuka. I-Electrophoresis yakhiwa ku-150°C, futhi imikhiqizo evikelwe yiyo akulula ukuyivuselela futhi ivame ukulahlwa. I-Silver electrophoresis ingagcinwa isikhathi esingaphezu konyaka ngaphandle kokushintsha umbala.
Isibhamu esimnyama esingu-5
Izinto zensimbi i-nickel/zinc alloy Ni/Zn), ebizwa nangokuthi i-gun black noma i-nickel emnyama. Umbala we-plating umnyama, umpunga kancane. Ukuqina kobuso kuhle, kodwa kuthambekele ekufakeni imibala emazingeni aphansi. Lo mbala we-plating uqobo uqukethe i-nickel futhi awukwazi ukusetshenziselwa i-plating engena-nickel. I-plating yombala akulula ukuyilungisa kabusha.
Ama-nickel ayi-6
I-Nickel (Ni) imhlophe okwesibhakabhaka futhi iyinsimbi enobukhulu obuhle kakhulu nokuqina. Ngokuvamile isetshenziswa njengesendlalelo sokuvala i-electroplating ukuze kuthuthukiswe impilo yenkonzo ye-electroplating. Inekhono elihle lokuhlanza emoyeni futhi ingamelana nokugqwala okuvela emoyeni. I-Nickel iqinile futhi iyaphuka, ngakho-ke ayifanele imikhiqizo edinga ukuguqulwa ngesikhathi se-electroplating. Lapho imikhiqizo ene-nickel iguquguquka, uqweqwe luzophuma. I-Nickel ingabangela ukungezwani kwesikhumba kwabanye abantu.
7 I-tin-cobalt plating engena-nickel
Le nto yenziwe nge-tin-cobalt alloy (Sn/Co). Umbala umnyama, useduze nesibhamu esimnyama (simpunga kancane kunesibhamu esimnyama), futhi siyi-black plating engena-nickel. Ubuso buzinzile, futhi izinga eliphansi le-electroplating livame ukuba nombala. I-color plating akulula ukuyilungisa kabusha.
I-nickel yamaparele angu-8
Izinto zayo yi-nickel, ebizwa nangokuthi i-sand nickel. Ngokuvamile isetshenziswa njengengqimba engezansi efakwe ngaphambili yenqubo yombala wenkungu. Impunga ngombala, ubuso besibuko obungacwebezeli, obunokubukeka okuthambile okufana nenkungu, njenge-satin. Izinga le-atomization alizinzile. Ngaphandle kokuvikelwa okukhethekile, ngenxa yethonya lezinto zokwakha isihlabathi, kungase kube nokushintsha kombala lapho kuhlangana nesikhumba.
Umbala wenkungu ongu-9
Isekelwe ku-nickel ye-pearl ukuze ingeze umbala wobuso. Inomphumela wokufiphala futhi ayicwebezeli. Indlela yayo yokufaka i-electroplating iyi-nickel ye-pearl esele ibekwe ngaphambili. Ngenxa yokuthi umphumela we-atomization we-nickel ye-pearl kunzima ukuwulawula, umbala wobuso awuhambisani futhi uthambekele ekwehlukeni kombala. Lo mbala wokufaka i-plating awukwazi ukusetshenziswa ne-plating engena-nickel noma ngetshe ngemva kokufaka i-plating. Lo mbala wokufaka i-plating kulula ukuwufaka i-oxidize, ngakho-ke kufanele kunakwe ngokukhethekile ekuvikelweni.
I-brush wire plating eyi-10
Ngemva kokufakwa kwe-copper plate, imigqa iyaxutshwa ku-copper, bese kufakwa umbala wobuso. Kunomqondo wemigqa. Umbala wokubukeka kwayo ufana nombala wokufakwa kwe-plating ojwayelekile, kodwa umehluko uwukuthi kunemigqa ebusweni. Izintambo zokuxubha azikwazi ukuba yi-nickel-free plate. Ngenxa yokufakwa kwe-nickel-free plate, isikhathi sazo sokuphila asikwazi ukuqinisekiswa.
11 ukuqhuma kwesihlabathi
Ukuqhumisa i-sandblasting kungenye yezindlela zokufaka umbala wenkungu nge-electroplating. Ukuqhumisa i-copper kuqhumisa i-sandblasting bese kufakwa i-electroplated. Ubuso obungacwebezeli buyisihlabathi, futhi umbala ofanayo ongacwebezeli usobala kakhulu kunomphumela wesihlabathi. Njengokuqhumisa i-brush, ukuqhumisa okungena-nickel akukwazi ukwenziwa.
Isikhathi sokuthunyelwe: Novemba-23-2023
