Ua like kēlā me kēia hoʻololi huahana me ke ʻano pena o kānaka. Pono e uhi ʻia ka ʻili me kekahi mau papa o ka ʻike e hoʻopau ai i ke kaʻina hana hoʻonaninani ʻili. Hōʻike ʻia ka mānoanoa o ka uhi ʻana ma nā microns. Ma keʻano laulā, ʻo ke anawaena o ka lauoho he kanahiku a kanawalu paha microns, a ʻo ka uhi metala he mau tausani o ia mea. Hana ʻia ka huahana me ka hui pū ʻana o nā metala like ʻole a ua uhi ʻia me kekahi mau papa o nā metala like ʻole e hoʻopau ai i ke kaʻina hana pena. Hoʻolauna pōkole kēia ʻatikala i ka ʻike pili o ka electroplating a me ka waihoʻoluʻu kala. ʻO ka ʻike no ka kuhikuhi ʻana e nā hoaaloha e kūʻai a hoʻolako i nā ʻōnaehana mea hoʻopili kiʻekiʻe:
ʻO ke electroplating kahi hana e hoʻohana ana i ke kumumanaʻo o ka electrolysis e hoʻopili i kahi papa lahilahi o nā metala ʻē aʻe a i ʻole nā alloys ma luna o ka ʻili o kekahi mau metala. He hana ia e hoʻohana ana i ka electrolysis e hoʻopili i kahi ʻili metala i ka ʻili o ka metala a i ʻole nā ʻāpana mea ʻē aʻe e pale aku i ka oxidation Metal (e like me ka popo), hoʻomaikaʻi i ke kūpaʻa ʻana i ka ʻaʻahu, conductivity, reflectivity, corrosion resistance (ʻo nā metala i uhi ʻia he mau metala kūpaʻa i ka corrosion) a hoʻomaikaʻi i ke ʻano.
Kumumanaʻo
Pono ka electroplating i kahi lako mana haʻahaʻa-voltage, kiʻekiʻe-aupuni e hoʻolako i ka mana i ka pahu electroplating a me kahi mea electrolytic i haku ʻia me kahi hopena plating, nā ʻāpana e uhi ʻia (cathode) a me ka anode. ʻO ke kaʻina hana electroplating kahi hana e hoʻemi ʻia ai nā ion metala i loko o ka hopena plating i nā ʻātoma metala ma o nā hopena electrode ma lalo o ka hana o kahi kahua uila waho, a hana ʻia ka waiho ʻana o ka metala ma ka cathode.
Nā mea pili
ʻO ka hapa nui o nā uhi ʻana he mau metala hoʻokahi a i ʻole nā alloys, e like me ka titanium, palladium, zinc, cadmium, gula a keleawe paha, keleawe, a pēlā aku; aia kekahi mau papa hoʻopuehu, e like me ka nickel-silicon carbide, nickel-fluorinated graphite, a pēlā aku; a me nā papa cladding, e like me ke kila Copper-nickel-chromium layer ma ke kila, silver-indium layer ma ke kila, a pēlā aku. Ma waho aʻe o ka hao i hoʻolei ʻia i ka hao, ke kila a me ke kila kila ʻole, ʻo nā mea kumu no ka electroplating e komo pū me nā metala non-ferrous, a i ʻole ABS plastics, polypropylene, polysulfone a me nā phenolic plastics. Eia nō naʻe, pono e hana ʻia nā plastics i nā hana hoʻāla kūikawā a me ka sensitization ma mua o ka electroplating.
Waihoʻoluʻu hoʻopili
1) Ka uhi ʻana i ka metala makamae: e like me ka platinum, ke gula, ka palladium, ke kālā;
2) Ka uhi ʻana i ka metala maʻamau: e like me ka platinum hoʻopunipuni, ka pū ʻeleʻele, ka cobalt tin nickel-free, ke keleawe kahiko, ke keleawe ʻulaʻula kahiko, ke kālā kahiko, ka tin kahiko, a pēlā aku.
E like me ka paʻakikī o ke kaʻina hana
1) Nā kala uhi laulā: platinum, gula, palladium, kālā, platinum hoʻopunipuni, pū ʻeleʻele, cobalt tin nickel-free, nickel momi, pena ʻeleʻele uhi;
2) Ka uhi kūikawā: ka uhi ʻana i nā mea kahiko (me ka patina i ʻaila ʻia, ka patina i hoʻoluʻu ʻia, ka patina i ulana ʻia me ke kaula), ʻelua kala, ka uhi ʻana i ka one, ka uhi ʻana i ka laina pulumu, a pēlā aku.
1 platinum
He metala pipiʻi a kakaʻikahi hoʻi ia. He keʻokeʻo kālā ke kala. Loaʻa iā ia nā waiwai paʻa, kūpaʻa maikaʻi i ka ʻaʻahu ʻana, paʻakikī kiʻekiʻe a lōʻihi ka manawa paʻa kala. ʻO ia kekahi o nā kala ʻili electroplating maikaʻi loa. ʻOi aku ka mānoanoa ma mua o 0.03 microns, a hoʻohana pinepine ʻia ka palladium ma ke ʻano he papa lalo e loaʻa ai ka hopena synergistic maikaʻi, a hiki ke mālama ʻia ke sila no nā makahiki he 5 a ʻoi.
2 platinum hoʻohālike
ʻO ke metala electroplating he keleawe-tin alloy (Cu/Zn), a ua kapa ʻia hoʻi ʻo platinum hoʻohālike he keleawe-tin keʻokeʻo. Ua kokoke loa ke kala i ke gula keʻokeʻo a ʻoi aku ka melemele ma mua o ke gula keʻokeʻo. He palupalu a olaola ka mea hana, a maʻalahi ka mae ʻana o ka uhi ʻili. Inā pani ʻia, hiki ke waiho ʻia no ka hapalua makahiki.
3 gula
He metala makamae ke gula (Au). He mea hoʻonaninani maʻamau. Loaʻa nā ʻano like ʻole o nā mea hoʻohui i nā kala like ʻole: 24K, 18K, 14K. A ma kēia hoʻonohonoho mai ka melemele a i ka ʻōmaʻomaʻo, e loaʻa kekahi mau ʻokoʻa o ke kala ma waena o nā mānoanoa like ʻole. Loaʻa iā ia nā waiwai paʻa a ʻo kona paʻakikī he 1/4-1/6 o ka platinum. He awelika kona kūpaʻa ʻana i ka ʻaʻahu. No laila, he awelika kona ola waihoʻoluʻu. Hana ʻia ke gula rose me ka hui gula-keleawe. Wahi a ka ʻāpana, aia ke kala ma waena o ka melemele gula a me ka ʻulaʻula. Ke hoʻohālikelike ʻia me nā gula ʻē aʻe, ʻoi aku ka ola, paʻakikī ke kāohi i ke kala, a pinepine nā ʻokoʻa kala. ʻAʻole maikaʻi ka manawa paʻa kala e like me nā kala gula ʻē aʻe a loli maʻalahi ke kala.
4 kālā
He metala keʻokeʻo ke kālā (Ag) i pane koke. Hoʻololi maʻalahi ke kala o ke kālā ke hōʻike ʻia i nā sulfides a me nā chlorides i ka lewa. Hoʻohana pinepine ka uhi kālā i ka pale electrolytic a me ka pale electrophoresis e hōʻoia i ke ola o ka uhi ʻana. I waena o lākou, ʻoi aku ka lōʻihi o ke ola lawelawe o ka pale electrophoresis ma mua o ka electrolysis, akā he melemele iki ia, e loaʻa i nā huahana ʻālohilohi kekahi mau lua liʻiliʻi, a e piʻi pū ke kumukūʻai. Hoʻokumu ʻia ka electrophoresis ma 150°C, a ʻaʻole maʻalahi ka hana hou ʻana i nā huahana i pale ʻia e ia a hoʻopau pinepine ʻia. Hiki ke mālama ʻia ka electrophoresis kālā no ka ʻoi aku o 1 makahiki me ka ʻole o ka hoʻololi ʻana.
5 pū ʻeleʻele
Mea hao nickel/zinc alloy Ni/Zn), i kapa ʻia hoʻi he pū ʻeleʻele a i ʻole nickel ʻeleʻele. He ʻeleʻele ke kala o ka uhi ʻana, he hina iki. Maikaʻi ke kūpaʻa o ka ʻili, akā he maʻalahi ia i ke kala ʻana ma nā pae haʻahaʻa. Loaʻa i kēia kala uhi ponoʻī ka nickel a ʻaʻole hiki ke hoʻohana ʻia no ka uhi ʻana me ka nickel ʻole. ʻAʻole maʻalahi ka uhi ʻana i ke kala e hana hou a hoʻoponopono hou.
6 nikela
He hina keʻokeʻo ka Nickel (Ni) a he metala ia me ka paʻa a me ka paʻakikī maikaʻi loa. Hoʻohana pinepine ʻia ia ma ke ʻano he papa sila no ka electroplating e hoʻomaikaʻi i ke ola lawelawe o ka electroplating. Loaʻa iā ia ka hiki ke hoʻomaʻemaʻe maikaʻi i ka lewa a hiki ke pale aku i ka pala mai ka lewa. He paʻakikī a palupalu ka Nickel, no laila ʻaʻole kūpono ia no nā huahana e pono ai ke hoʻololi i ka wā o ka electroplating. Ke hoʻololi ʻia nā huahana nickel-plated, e hemo ka uhi. Hiki i ka Nickel ke hoʻoulu i nā maʻi ʻili i kekahi poʻe.
7 Ka uhi ʻana i ka tin-cobalt me ka ʻole o ka nikala
He mea hana ia he hui tin-cobalt (Sn/Co). He ʻeleʻele ke kala, kokoke i ka pū ʻeleʻele (ʻoi aku ka hina ma mua o ka pū ʻeleʻele), a he uhi ʻeleʻele nickel-free. He paʻa iki ka ʻili, a ʻo ka pae haʻahaʻa o ka electroplating e maʻalahi i ke kala. ʻAʻole maʻalahi ka hana hou ʻana a me ka hoʻoponopono hou ʻana i ka uhi kala.
8 nikala momi
ʻO kāna mea hana he nickel, i kapa ʻia hoʻi he nickel one. Hoʻohana nui ʻia ma ke ʻano he papa lalo i hoʻopili mua ʻia o ke kaʻina hana kala noe. ʻO ke kala hina, ʻaʻole ʻālohilohi ka ʻili aniani, me kahi ʻano palupalu e like me ka noe, e like me ka satin. ʻAʻole paʻa ke kekelē o ka atomization. Me ka ʻole o ka pale kūikawā, ma muli o ka mana o nā mea hana one, hiki ke hoʻololi ʻia ke kala i ka wā e pili ana me ka ʻili.
9 kala noe
Hoʻokumu ʻia ia ma ka nickel momi e hoʻohui i ke kala o ka ʻili. Loaʻa iā ia kahi hopena noe a he matte. ʻO kāna ʻano electroplating he nickel momi i hoʻopili mua ʻia. No ka mea he paʻakikī ke kāohi i ka hopena atomization o ka nickel momi, ʻaʻole kūlike ke kala o ka ʻili a hiki ke ʻokoʻa ke kala. ʻAʻole hiki ke hoʻohana ʻia kēia kala plating me ka plating nickel-free a i ʻole me ka pōhaku ma hope o ka plating. He maʻalahi ke oxidize i kēia kala plating, no laila pono e uku kūikawā ʻia ka pale.
10 palaki uea uhi
Ma hope o ke kāpili ʻana i ke keleawe, ua palaki ʻia nā laina ma luna o ke keleawe, a laila hoʻohui ʻia ke kala o ka ʻili. Aia kekahi manaʻo o nā laina. ʻO ke kala o kona helehelena ua like ia me ke kala o ke kāpili maʻamau, akā ʻo ka ʻokoʻa, aia nā laina ma luna o ka ʻili. ʻAʻole hiki i nā uea palaki ke kāpili ʻia me ka nickel ʻole. Ma muli o ke kāpili ʻana me ka nickel ʻole, ʻaʻole hiki ke hōʻoia ʻia ko lākou ola.
11 hoʻoheheʻe one
ʻO ke oneblasting kekahi o nā ʻano hana o ka electroplating noe color. Hoʻopili ʻia ke keleawe i ka oneblasting a laila electroplated. He one ka ʻili matte, a ʻoi aku ka maopopo o ke kala matte like ma mua o ka hopena one. E like me ka palaki ʻana o ka pulumu, ʻaʻole hiki ke hana ʻia ka nickel-free plating.
Ka manawa hoʻouna: Nov-23-2023
