Kugadziriswa kwega kwega kwechigadzirwa kwakafanana nekushongedza kwevanhu. Pamusoro pechinhu ichi panofanira kunge pakaputirwa nezvikamu zvakasiyana-siyana zvemukati kuti papedziswe maitiro ekushongedza pamusoro. Ukobvu hwechipfeko hunoonekwa muma microns. Kazhinji, dhayamita yebvudzi i70 kana 80 microns, uye chipfeko chesimbi chinenge chikamu chimwe chete muzviuru zvacho. Chigadzirwa ichi chakagadzirwa nemusanganiswa wesimbi dzakasiyana-siyana uye chakaputirwa nezvikamu zvakasiyana-siyana zvesimbi kuti chipedzise maitiro ekushongedza. Chinyorwa chino chinopa ruzivo rwakakodzera rwe electroplating uye color plating. Zviri mukati ndezvekutarisirwa neshamwari dzinotenga uye dzinopa masisitimu emhando yepamusoro ekurongedza:
Kuisa simbi mumagetsi (electroplating) inzira inoshandisa musimboti we electrolysis kuisa simbi dzakatetepa pamusoro pesimbi dzakati wandei. Iyi inzira inoshandisa electrolysis kubatanidza firimu resimbi pamusoro pesimbi kana zvimwe zvinhu kudzivirira oxidation yesimbi (yakadai sengura), inovandudza kuramba kwekupfekwa, conductivity, reflectivity, kuramba kupfekwa (simbi dzakaputirwa dzinowanzova simbi dzisingapindi ngura) uye inovandudza chitarisiko.
Nheyo
Kuisa ma electroplating kunoda simba remagetsi rine simba shoma, rinopa simba kutangi re electroplating uye mudziyo we electrolytic une mhinduro yekuisa ma plating, zvikamu zvinofanirwa kuiswa ma plate (cathode) uye anode. Maitiro ekuisa ma electroplating inzira iyo ma ions esimbi mu plating solution anoderedzwa kuita maatomu esimbi kuburikidza ne electrode reactions pasi pesimba remagetsi rekunze, uye simbi inoiswa pa cathode.
Zvinhu zvinoshanda
Mazhinji emachira acho anosanganisira simbi imwe chete kana alloys, akadai setitanium, palladium, zinc, cadmium, gold kana brass, bronze, nezvimwewo; kunewo machira ekupararira, akadai se nickel-silicon carbide, nickel-fluorinated graphite, nezvimwewo; uye machira ekufukidza, akadai sesimbi Copper-nickel-chromium layer pasimbi, silver-indium layer pasimbi, nezvimwewo. Kuwedzera kune iron-based cast iron, simbi nestainless steel, zvinhu zvekutanga zve electroplating zvinosanganisirawo non-ferrous metals, kana ABS plastics, polypropylene, polysulfone uye phenolic plastics. Zvisinei, mapurasitiki anofanira kuitiswa activation uye sensitization treatments vasati vaisa electroplating.
Ruvara rwekuputira
1) Kuputira simbi inokosha: yakaita seplatinum, goridhe, palladium, sirivha;
2) Kuputira simbi kwakajairika: zvakaita seplatinum yekutevedzera, pfuti nhema, cobalt isina nickel tin, bronze yekare, mhangura tsvuku yekare, sirivha yekare, tin yekare, nezvimwewo.
Zvichienderana nekuoma kwemaitiro acho
1) Mavara ekubatanidza: platinum, goridhe, palladium, sirivha, platinum yekutevedzera, pfuti nhema, cobalt isina nickel, nickel yeparera, pearl pendi nhema;
2) Kuputira kwakakosha: kuputira kwekare (kusanganisira patina yakazorwa mafuta, patina yakadhayiwa, patina yakarukwa neshinda), kuputira kwemavara maviri, kuputira jecha, kuputira mutsetse wemabhurashi, nezvimwewo.
1 platinamu
Isimbi inodhura uye isingawanzoonekwi. Ruvara rwayo ruchena sesirivha. Ine hunhu hwakagadzikana, inodzivirira kupera zvakanaka, kuomarara kwakanyanya uye inogara kwenguva refu. Ndiyo imwe yemavara akanakisa epamusoro e electroplating. Ukobvu hwayo hunopfuura 0.03 microns, uye palladium inowanzo shandiswa sechikamu chepasi kuti ive nemhedzisiro yakanaka yekubatana, uye chisimbiso chinogona kuchengetwa kwemakore anopfuura mashanu.
2 platinamu yekutevedzera
Simbi inomoneredzwa nemagetsi inonzi copper-tin alloy (Cu/Zn), uye platinum inonziwo white copper-tin. Ruvara rwacho rwakafanana zvikuru negoridhe jena uye rwakatsvuka zvishoma pane goridhe jena. Chishongo chacho chakapfava uye chine hupenyu, uye chifukidziro chepamusoro chiri nyore kupera. Kana chakavharwa, chinogona kusiiwa kwehafu yegore.
3 goridhe
Ndarama (Au) isimbi inokosha. Kushongedza kwakajairika. Zviyero zvakasiyana zvezvishandiso zvinouya nemavara akasiyana: 24K, 18K, 14K. Uye murongero uyu kubva kune yero kusvika kune girini, pachava nemisiyano muruvara pakati pehukobvu hwakasiyana. Ine hunhu hwakagadzikana uye kuoma kwayo kazhinji i1/4-1/6 yeplatinum. Kusapfeka kwayo kunowanzova pakati nepakati. Nokudaro, nguva yayo yekuzorora ruvara ipakati nepakati. Ndarama yerose yakagadzirwa negoridhe-mhangura alloy. Zvichienderana nehuwandu, ruvara rwuri pakati perero yegoridhe netsvuku. Kana ichienzaniswa nedzimwe ndarama, ine hupenyu hwakawanda, yakaoma kudzora ruvara, uye inowanzova nemarudzi akasiyana. Nguva yekuchengetedza mavara hainawo kunaka semamwe mavara egoridhe uye inochinja ruvara zviri nyore.
Sirivha ina
Sirivha (Ag) isimbi chena ine simba rekuita zvinhu. Sirivha inochinja ruvara zviri nyore kana yaiswa mumhepo ine sulfides nema chloride. Kuisa sirivha kunowanzo shandisa dziviriro ye electrolytic uye dziviriro ye electrophoresis kuti ive nechokwadi chekuti purasitiki yacho inogara kwenguva refu kupfuura ye electrolysis, asi ine ruvara rweyero, zvigadzirwa zvinopenya zvine maburi madiki, uye mutengo wacho uchawedzerawo. Electrophoresis inogadzirwa pa150°C, uye zvigadzirwa zvinodzivirirwa nayo hazvisi nyore kugadzirisa uye zvinowanzo bviswa. Silver electrophoresis inogona kuchengetwa kweanopfuura gore rimwe pasina kuchinja ruvara.
Pfuti nhema shanu
Zvinhu zvesimbi zvinonzi nickel/zinc alloy Ni/Zn), zvinonziwo pfuti nhema kana nhema nickel. Ruvara rwekuputira dema, grey zvishoma. Kugadzikana kwepamusoro kwakanaka, asi runowanzo dhayiwa padanho rakaderera. Ruvara urwu rwekuputira pacharwo rune nickel uye harugone kushandiswa pakuputira pasina nickel. Kuputira kwemavara hakusi nyore kugadzirisa patsva nekugadzirisa.
MaNickels matanhatu
Nickel (Ni) ine ruvara rwegrey-white uye isimbi ine huremu hwakanaka uye kuomarara. Inowanzo shandiswa se sealing layer ye electroplating kuti ivandudze hupenyu hwe electroplating. Ine kugona kwakanaka kwekuchenesa mumhepo uye inogona kuramba ngura kubva mumhepo. Nickel yakaoma uye inopfava, saka haina kukodzera zvigadzirwa zvinoda kushanduka panguva ye electroplating. Kana zvigadzirwa zvakaputirwa ne nickel zvikakanganisika, coating yacho inobviswa. Nickel inogona kukonzera allergies muganda mune vamwe vanhu.
7 Kuputira tin-cobalt isina nickel
Chigadzirwa chacho chakagadzirwa netin-cobalt alloy (Sn/Co). Ruvara rwacho rwakasviba, rwakafanana nepfuti nhema (yakaita grey zvishoma pane pfuti nhema), uye ipurasitiki nhema isina nickel. Pamusoro payo pakadzikama, uye mwero wakaderera we electroplating unowanzo shandiswa neruvara. Kuvhara kwemavara hakusi nyore kugadzirisa patsva nekugadzirisa.
Nickel yemaparera masere
Chinhu chayo chinonzi nickel, chinonziwo jecha nickel. Kazhinji inoshandiswa sechikamu chepasi chakaiswa jira remhute. Gireyi muruvara, pamusoro pegirazi harina kupenya, rine chitarisiko chakaita semhute, sesatin. Mwero weatomization hauna kugadzikana. Pasina dziviriro yakakosha, nekuda kwekushandiswa kwezvinhu zvinogadzira jecha, panogona kuve nekuchinja kweruvara kana zvasvika paganda.
Ruvara rwemhute rwe9
Yakavakirwa pa nickel yemaparera kuti iwedzere ruvara rwepamusoro. Ine fogging effect uye haina matte. Nzira yayo ye electroplating ndeye pre-plated pearl nickel. Nekuti atomization effect ye pearl nickel yakaoma kudzora, ruvara rwepamusoro haruchinji uye runowanzo chinja ruvara. Ruvara urwu rwe plating harugone kushandiswa ne nickel-free plating kana nematombo mushure mekuputirwa. Ruvara urwu rwe plating rwuri nyore kuoxidize, saka kutarisisa kwakakosha kunofanirwa kupihwa pakudzivirira.
Kuputira waya yebhurashi gumi
Mushure mekuputirwa kwemhangura, mitsetse inokweshwa pamusoro pemhangura, uye ipapo ruvara rwepamusoro runowedzerwa. Pane pfungwa yemitsetse. Ruvara rwayo rwakafanana nerweruvara rwekuputirwa, asi musiyano ndewekuti kune mitsetse pamusoro. Waya dzekukwesha hadzigone kuputirwa pasina nickel. Nekuda kwekuputirwa pasina nickel, hupenyu hwadzo hahugone kuvimbiswa.
11 kuputika kwejecha
Kuputira jecha ndeimwe yenzira dzekushandisa electroplating fog color. Kuputira kwemhangura kunoputirwa jecha uye kunoputirwa nemagetsi. Pamusoro pejecha rakapfava, uye ruvara rwakafanana rwejecha runoonekwa zviri nani kupfuura jecha. Kufanana nekuputira bhurashi, kuputira kusina nickel hakugone kuitwa.
Nguva yekutumira: Mbudzi-23-2023
