I-Polyethylene (PE)
1. Ukusebenza kwe-PE
I-PE yeyona plastiki iveliswa kakhulu phakathi kweeplastiki, inobunzima obumalunga ne-0.94g/cm3. Ibonakala ngokuba ikhanya, ithambile, ayinatyhefu, ingabizi, kwaye kulula ukuyicubungula. I-PE yi-polymer eqhelekileyo yekristale kwaye ine-post-shrinkage phenomenon. Kukho iintlobo ezininzi zayo, ezisetyenziswa kakhulu yi-LDPE ethambileyo (eyaziwa ngokuba yirabha ethambileyo okanye izinto zentyatyambo), i-HDPE eyaziwa ngokuba yirabha ethambileyo eqinileyo, enzima kune-LDPE, inokukhanya okubi kunye ne-crystallinity ephezulu; i-LLDPE isebenza kakuhle kakhulu, efana neeplastiki zobunjineli. I-PE inokumelana okuhle kweekhemikhali, ayilula ukuyibola, kwaye kunzima ukuyiprinta. Umphezulu kufuneka ucocwe ngaphambi kokuprinta.
2. Ukusetyenziswa kwe-PER
I-HDPE: ukupakisha iingxowa zeplastiki, izinto ezifunekayo imihla ngemihla, iibhakethi, iingcingo, izinto zokudlala, izixhobo zokwakha, izikhongozeli
I-LDPE: ukupakisha iingxowa zeplastiki, iintyatyambo zeplastiki, izinto zokudlala, iingcingo ezisetyenziswa rhoqo, izinto zokubhala, njl.
3. Iimpawu zenkqubo ye-PE
Eyona nto iphawulekayo kwiindawo ze-PE kukuba zinezinga elikhulu lokuncipha kokubumba kwaye zinobunzima bokuncipha nokuguquguquka. Izinto ze-PE zifunxa amanzi kancinci kwaye azidingi komiswa. I-PE inomlinganiselo obanzi wobushushu bokucubungula kwaye kulula ukubola (ubushushu bokubola bumalunga ne-300°C). Ubushushu bokucubungula buyi-180 ukuya kwi-220°C. Ukuba uxinzelelo lwe-injection luphezulu, uxinano lwemveliso luya kuba phezulu kwaye izinga lokuncipha liya kuba lincinci. I-PE inolwelo oluphakathi, ngoko ke ixesha lokubamba kufuneka libe lide kwaye ubushushu bokubumba kufuneka buhlale bungaguquki (40-70°C).
Inqanaba lokukristala kwe-PE linxulumene neemeko zenkqubo yokubumba. Inobushushu obuphezulu bokuqina. Okukhona ubushushu bokubumba buphantsi, kokukhona ubukristala buphantsi. . Ngexesha lenkqubo yokukristala, ngenxa ye-anisotropy yokuncipha, uxinzelelo lwangaphakathi lubangelwa, kwaye iindawo ze-PE kulula ukuziguqula nokuqhekeka. Ukubeka imveliso kwindawo yokuhlambela ngamanzi emanzini ashushu angama-80℃ kunokukhulula uxinzelelo lwangaphakathi ukuya kwinqanaba elithile. Ngexesha lenkqubo yokubumba, ubushushu bezinto kufuneka bube phezulu kunobushushu bokubumba. Uxinzelelo lwe-injection kufuneka lube phantsi kangangoko ngelixa kuqinisekiswa umgangatho wenxalenye. Ukupholisa kwe-mold kufuneka ngokukodwa ukuba kukhawuleze kwaye kulingane, kwaye imveliso kufuneka ibe shushu xa isuswa.
I-Polypropylene (PP)
1. Ukusebenza kwe-PP
I-PP yi-crystalline polymer enobunzima obuyi-0.91g/cm3 kuphela (ngaphantsi kwamanzi). I-PP yeyona ilula kakhulu phakathi kweeplastiki ezisetyenziswa rhoqo. Phakathi kweeplastiki eziqhelekileyo, i-PP inokumelana nobushushu okungcono, kunye nobushushu bokuguquguquka kobushushu obuyi-80 ukuya kwi-100°C kwaye inokubiliswa emanzini abilayo. I-PP inokumelana okuhle nokuqhekeka koxinzelelo kunye nobomi bokudinwa obuphezulu, kwaye yaziwa ngokuba yi-"100% plastic".
Ukusebenza okubanzi kwe-PP kungcono kunokwezinto ze-PE. Iimveliso ze-PP zilula, ziqinile kwaye azinazo iikhemikhali. Iingxaki ze-PP: ukuchaneka okuphantsi kobukhulu, ukuqina okunganelanga, ukumelana nemozulu embi, kulula ukuvelisa "umonakalo wobhedu", inento yokwenza emva kokuncipha, kwaye iimveliso zilungele ukwaluphala, zibe buthathaka kwaye ziguquguquke.
2. Ukusetyenziswa kwePP
Izinto ezahlukeneyo zasekhaya, izivatho zeembiza ezibonakalayo, imibhobho yokuhambisa iikhemikhali, izikhongozeli zeekhemikhali, izinto zonyango, izinto zokubhala, amathoyizi, iifilaments, iikomityi zamanzi, iibhokisi zokutshintsha, imibhobho, iihinges, njl.njl.
3. Iimpawu zenkqubo ye-PP:
I-PP inokuguquguquka okuhle xa inyibilika kwaye isebenza kakuhle xa ibumba. I-PP ineempawu ezimbini:
Okokuqala: i-viscosity ye-PP melt iyancipha kakhulu xa isantya sokucheba sinyuka (ingachaphazeleki kangako bubushushu);
Okwesibini: Umlinganiselo wokujonga iimolekyuli uphezulu kwaye izinga lokuncipha likhulu.
Ubushushu bokucubungula be-PP bungcono malunga ne-200~250℃. Izinzile kakuhle kubushushu (ubushushu bokubola yi-310℃), kodwa kubushushu obuphezulu (280~300℃), inokwehla ukuba ihlala kwibhareli ixesha elide. Ngenxa yokuba i-viscosity ye-PP iyancipha kakhulu ngokwanda kwesantya sokucheba, ukonyusa uxinzelelo lwe-injection kunye nesantya se-injection kuya kuphucula ukugeleza kwayo; ukuphucula ukuguquguquka kokuncipha kunye nokuqhekeka, ubushushu be-mold kufuneka bulawulwe ngaphakathi kobubanzi be-35 ukuya kwi-65°C. Ubushushu be-crystallization yi-120~125℃. I-PP melt ingadlula kwisithuba esincinci kakhulu se-mold kwaye yenze umphetho obukhali. Ngexesha lenkqubo yokunyibilika, i-PP kufuneka ifunxe ubushushu obuninzi bokunyibilika (ubushushu obukhulu), kwaye imveliso iya kuba shushu emva kokuphuma kwi-mold. Izixhobo ze-PP akufuneki zomiswe ngexesha lokucubungula, kwaye ukuncitshiswa kunye ne-crystallinity ye-PP iphantsi kunezo ze-PE.
Ixesha lokuthumela: Disemba-28-2023
