I-Polyethylene (PE)
1. Ukusebenza kwe-PE
I-PE yipulasitiki ekhiqizwa kakhulu phakathi kwamapulasitiki, enobukhulu obungaba ngu-0.94g/cm3. Ibonakala ngokuba nokukhanya okukhanyayo, okuthambile, okungenabo ubuthi, okushibhile, nokulula ukuyicubungula. I-PE iyi-polymer ejwayelekile yekristalu futhi inezinto ezenzeka ngemva kokushwabana. Kunezinhlobo eziningi zayo, ezisetshenziswa kakhulu yi-LDPE ethambile (eyaziwa kakhulu ngokuthi irabha ethambile noma izinto zezimbali), i-HDPE eyaziwa kakhulu ngokuthi irabha ethambile eqinile, eqinile kune-LDPE, inokudlulisa ukukhanya okubi kanye nekristali ephezulu; i-LLDPE isebenza kahle kakhulu, efana nepulasitiki yobunjiniyela. I-PE inokumelana okuhle kwamakhemikhali, akulula ukuyigqwala, futhi kunzima ukuyiphrinta. Indawo engenhla idinga ukuxutshwa ngaphambi kokuphrinta.
2. Ukusetshenziswa kwe-PER
I-HDPE: ukupakisha izikhwama zepulasitiki, izidingo zansuku zonke, amabhakede, izintambo, amathoyizi, izinto zokwakha, izitsha
I-LDPE: ukupakisha izikhwama zepulasitiki, izimbali zepulasitiki, amathoyizi, izintambo ezivame kakhulu, izinto zokubhala, njll.
3. Izici zenqubo ye-PE
Isici esiphawuleka kakhulu sezingxenye ze-PE ukuthi zinezinga elikhulu lokuncipha kokubumba futhi zivame ukuncipha nokuguquka. Izinto ze-PE zinokumuncwa kwamanzi okuncane futhi azidingi ukomiswa. I-PE inezinga lokushisa elibanzi lokucubungula futhi akulula ukubola (izinga lokushisa lokubola lingaba ngu-300°C). Izinga lokushisa lokucubungula liyi-180 kuya ku-220°C. Uma ingcindezi yokujova iphezulu, ubuningi bomkhiqizo buzoba phezulu futhi izinga lokuncipha lizoba lincane. I-PE inoketshezi oluphakathi nendawo, ngakho-ke isikhathi sokubamba sidinga ukuba side futhi izinga lokushisa lokubumba kufanele lihlale linjalo (40-70°C).
Izinga lokukristala kwe-PE lihlobene nezimo zenqubo yokubumba. Inezinga lokushisa eliphakeme lokuqina. Uma izinga lokushisa lokubumba liphansi, kulapho ukuqina kwekristala kwehla khona. . Ngesikhathi senqubo yokubumba, ngenxa ye-anisotropy yokuncipha, ukugxilisa ukucindezeleka kwangaphakathi kubangwa, futhi izingxenye ze-PE kulula ukuziguqula nokuqhekeka. Ukubeka umkhiqizo emanzini ashisayo angu-80℃ kungakhulula ukucindezeleka kwangaphakathi ngezinga elithile. Ngesikhathi senqubo yokubumba, izinga lokushisa lezinto kufanele libe phezulu kunezinga lokushisa lokubumba. Ingcindezi yomjovo kufanele ibe phansi ngangokunokwenzeka ngenkathi kuqinisekiswa ikhwalithi yengxenye. Ukupholisa kwesikhunta kuyadingeka kakhulu ukuze kusheshe futhi kulingane, futhi umkhiqizo kufanele ushise uma ususwa.
I-Polypropylene (PP)
1. Ukusebenza kwe-PP
I-PP iyi-polymer ekristalu enobukhulu obungu-0.91g/cm3 kuphela (ngaphansi kwamanzi). I-PP iyona elula kakhulu phakathi kwamapulasitiki asetshenziswa kakhulu. Phakathi kwamapulasitiki ajwayelekile, i-PP inokumelana nokushisa okungcono kakhulu, enezinga lokushisa lokuguquguquka kokushisa elingu-80 kuya ku-100°C futhi ingabiliswa emanzini abilayo. I-PP inokumelana okuhle kokuqhekeka kokucindezeleka kanye nokuphila isikhathi eside kokukhathala, futhi yaziwa kakhulu ngokuthi "ipulasitiki engu-100%.".
Ukusebenza okuphelele kwe-PP kungcono kunokwezinto ze-PE. Imikhiqizo ye-PP ilula, iqinile futhi imelana namakhemikhali. Okubi kwe-PP: ukunemba okuphansi kobukhulu, ukuqina okunganele, ukumelana nesimo sezulu okubi, kulula ukukhiqiza "umonakalo wethusi", inesimo sangemuva kokushwabana, futhi imikhiqizo ithambekele ekugugeni, ibe buthakathaka futhi iguge.
2. Ukusetshenziswa kwe-PP
Izinto zasekhaya ezahlukahlukene, izivalo zamabhodwe ezisobala, amapayipi okulethwa ngamakhemikhali, izitsha zamakhemikhali, izinto zokwelapha, izinto zokubhala, amathoyizi, imicu, izinkomishi zamanzi, amabhokisi okushintsha izinto, amapayipi, amahinji, njll.
3. Izici zenqubo ye-PP:
I-PP inokuguquguquka okuhle ekushiseni kokuncibilika kanye nokusebenza kahle kokubumba. I-PP inezici ezimbili:
Okokuqala: i-viscosity yokuncibilika kwe-PP iyancipha kakhulu ngokwanda kwesilinganiso sokushefa (akuthintwa kangako yizinga lokushisa);
Okwesibili: Izinga lokuma kwama-molecule liphezulu futhi izinga lokuncishiswa likhulu.
Izinga lokushisa lokucubungula le-PP lingcono cishe ku-200~250℃. Lizinzile kahle ekushiseni (izinga lokushisa lokubola lingu-310℃), kodwa ekushiseni okuphezulu (280~300℃), lingase liwohloke uma lihlala emgqonyeni isikhathi eside. Ngenxa yokuthi i-viscosity ye-PP yehla kakhulu ngokwanda kwesilinganiso sokusika, ukwandisa ingcindezi yomjovo kanye nesivinini somjovo kuzothuthukisa ukugeleza kwayo; ukuze kuthuthukiswe ukuguquguquka kokuncipha kanye nokuqhekeka, izinga lokushisa lesikhunta kufanele lilawulwe ngaphakathi kwebanga elingu-35 kuya ku-65°C. Izinga lokushisa lokwakheka kwekristalu lingu-120~125℃. Ukuncibilika kwe-PP kungadlula esikhaleni esincane kakhulu sesikhunta bese kwakha unqenqema olubukhali. Ngesikhathi senqubo yokuncibilika, i-PP idinga ukumunca inani elikhulu lokushisa okuncibilikayo (ukushisa okukhulu), futhi umkhiqizo uzoba kushisa kakhulu ngemva kokuphuma esikhumbeni. Izinto ze-PP azidingi ukomiswa ngesikhathi sokucubungula, futhi ukuncibilika kanye nokukristalu kwe-PP kuphansi kune-PE.
Isikhathi sokuthunyelwe: Disemba-28-2023
