- AS
1. Kuchita bwino kwa AS
AS ndi propylene-styrene copolymer, yomwe imatchedwanso SAN, yokhala ndi kuchuluka kwa pafupifupi 1.07g/cm3. Sichimakhala ndi vuto la kupsinjika kwamkati. Chimaonekera bwino, kutentha kwambiri komanso mphamvu yogwira ntchito kuposa PS, komanso chimakhala cholimba kwambiri pokana kutopa.
2. Kugwiritsa ntchito AS
Mathireyi, makapu, mbale zophikira patebulo, zipinda zosungiramo firiji, zolumikizira, zowonjezera magetsi, zokongoletsera, magalasi owonera zida, mabokosi olongedza, zolembera, zoyatsira gasi, zogwirira za burashi ya mano, ndi zina zotero.
3. AS processing mikhalidwe
Kutentha kwa AS nthawi zambiri kumakhala 210~250℃. Chida ichi n'chosavuta kuyamwa chinyezi ndipo chimayenera kuumitsidwa kwa ola limodzi chisanagwiritsidwe ntchito. Kutuluka kwake kumakhala koipa pang'ono kuposa PS, kotero kuthamanga kwa jakisoni nako kumakhala kokwera pang'ono, ndipo kutentha kwa nkhungu kumayendetsedwa pa 45~75℃ ndikwabwino.
- ABS
1. Magwiridwe antchito a ABS
ABS ndi acrylonitrile-butadiene-styrene terpolymer. Ndi polima yopanda mawonekedwe yokhala ndi kachulukidwe ka pafupifupi 1.05g/cm3. Ili ndi mphamvu yayikulu yamakina komanso mawonekedwe abwino a "vertical, hard and steel". ABS ndi pulasitiki yogwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri yopangira zinthu yokhala ndi mitundu yosiyanasiyana komanso ntchito zosiyanasiyana. Imatchedwanso "general engineering plastic" (MBS imatchedwa transparent ABS). Ndi yosavuta kupanga ndi kukonza, ili ndi kukana mankhwala, ndipo zinthuzo ndizosavuta kuziyika pa electroplated.
2. Kugwiritsa ntchito ABS
Ma impeller a pampu, ma bearing, zogwirira, mapaipi, zikwama za zida zamagetsi, zida zamagetsi, zoseweretsa, zikwama za wotchi, zikwama za zida, zikwama za thanki yamadzi, malo osungira ozizira ndi zikwama zamkati mwa firiji.
3. Makhalidwe a njira ya ABS
(1) ABS imakhala ndi hygroscopicity yambiri komanso kutentha kochepa. Iyenera kuumitsidwa bwino ndikuwotchedwa bwino musanayike ndi kuikonza kuti chinyezi chisapitirire 0.03%.
(2) Kukhuthala kwa utomoni wa ABS sikukhudzidwa kwambiri ndi kutentha (kosiyana ndi utomoni wina wopanda mawonekedwe). Ngakhale kutentha kwa ABS komwe kumayikidwa mu jekeseni kuli kokwera pang'ono kuposa kwa PS, sikuli ndi kutentha kotsika monga PS, ndipo kutentha kosawoneka sikungagwiritsidwe ntchito. Kuti muchepetse kukhuthala kwake, mutha kuwonjezera liwiro la screw kapena kuwonjezera kuthamanga/kuthamanga kwa jekeseni kuti muwongolere kusinthasintha kwake. Kutentha konse komwe kumapangidwa ndi 190~235℃.
(3) Kukhuthala kwa ABS ndi kwapakati, kokwera kuposa kwa PS, HIPS, ndi AS, ndipo kusinthasintha kwake ndi kochepa, kotero kumafunika mphamvu yayikulu yopangira jakisoni.
(4) ABS imakhala ndi zotsatira zabwino pa liwiro lapakati mpaka lapakati lobayira (pokhapokha ngati mawonekedwe ovuta ndi zigawo zoonda zimafuna liwiro lalikulu lobayira), nozzle ya chinthucho imakhala ndi zizindikiro za mpweya.
(5) Kutentha kwa ABS kuumba ndi kwakukulu, ndipo kutentha kwake kwa nkhungu nthawi zambiri kumasinthidwa pakati pa 45 ndi 80°C. Popanga zinthu zazikulu, kutentha kwa nkhungu yokhazikika (nkhungu yakutsogolo) nthawi zambiri kumakhala kokwera pafupifupi 5°C kuposa kwa nkhungu yosunthika (nkhungu yakumbuyo).
(6) ABS siyenera kukhala mu mbiya yotentha kwambiri kwa nthawi yayitali (iyenera kukhala yochepera mphindi 30), apo ayi idzawola mosavuta ndikukhala yachikasu.
- PMMA
1. Kugwira ntchito kwa PMMA
PMMA ndi polima yopanda mawonekedwe, yomwe imadziwika kuti plexiglass (sub-acrylic), yokhala ndi kuchuluka kwa pafupifupi 1.18g/cm3. Ili ndi mawonekedwe abwino kwambiri komanso kuwala kodutsa kwa 92%. Ndi chinthu chabwino chowunikira; ili ndi kukana kutentha (kukana kutentha). Kutentha kwa kusintha kwa masinthidwe ndi 98°C). Chogulitsa chake chili ndi mphamvu yapakatikati yamakina komanso kuuma pang'ono pamwamba. Chimakanda mosavuta ndi zinthu zolimba ndipo chimasiya madontho. Poyerekeza ndi PS, sikophweka kukhala cholimba.
2. Kugwiritsa ntchito PMMA
Magalasi a zida, zinthu zowunikira, zida zamagetsi, zida zachipatala, mitundu yowonekera bwino, zokongoletsa, magalasi a dzuwa, mano opangidwa ndi manja, zikwangwani, mapanelo a wotchi, magetsi akumbuyo a magalimoto, magalasi a kumbuyo kwa galimoto, ndi zina zotero.
3. Makhalidwe a njira ya PMMA
Zofunikira pa kukonza kwa PMMA ndi zokhwima. Ndi yolimba kwambiri chifukwa cha chinyezi ndi kutentha. Iyenera kuumitsidwa bwino isanakonzedwe. Kukhuthala kwake kosungunuka kumakhala kokwera, kotero imafunika kupangidwa pa kutentha kwakukulu (219 ~ 240℃) ndipo kupanikizika. Kutentha kwa nkhungu kuli pakati pa 65 ~ 80℃ ndikwabwino. Kukhazikika kwa kutentha kwa PMMA sikwabwino kwenikweni. Idzawonongeka ndi kutentha kwakukulu kapena kukhala pa kutentha kwakukulu kwa nthawi yayitali. Liwiro la screw siliyenera kukhala lokwera kwambiri (pafupifupi 60rpm), chifukwa n'zosavuta kuchitika m'zigawo zokhuthala za PMMA. Chochitika "chopanda pake" chimafuna zipata zazikulu ndi "kutentha kwakukulu kwa zinthu, kutentha kwakukulu kwa nkhungu, liwiro lochepa" kuti igwiritsidwe ntchito.
4. Kodi acrylic (PMMA) ndi chiyani?
Acrylic (PMMA) ndi pulasitiki yowoneka bwino, yolimba yomwe nthawi zambiri imagwiritsidwa ntchito m'malo mwa galasi m'zinthu monga mawindo osasweka, zizindikiro zowala, ma skylights ndi ma canopies a ndege. PMMA ndi ya banja lofunika kwambiri la ma resin a acrylic. Dzina la mankhwala la acrylic ndi polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA), yomwe ndi utomoni wopangidwa kuchokera ku methyl methacrylate.
Polymethylmethacrylate (PMMA) imadziwikanso kuti acrylic, acrylic glass, ndipo imapezeka pansi pa mayina amalonda ndi mitundu monga Crylux, Plexiglas, Acrylite, Perclax, Astariglas, Lucite, ndi Perspex, pakati pa ena. Polymethylmethacrylate (PMMA) nthawi zambiri imagwiritsidwa ntchito ngati pepala ngati njira yopepuka kapena yosasweka m'malo mwa galasi. PMMA imagwiritsidwanso ntchito ngati utomoni wopangira, inki, ndi zokutira. PMMA ndi gawo la gulu la zinthu zapulasitiki zaukadaulo.
5. Kodi acrylic imapangidwa bwanji?
Polymethyl methacrylate imapangidwa kudzera mu polymerization chifukwa ndi imodzi mwa ma polima opangidwa. Choyamba, methyl methacrylate imayikidwa mu chikombole ndipo chothandizira chimawonjezedwa kuti chifulumizitse ntchitoyi. Chifukwa cha njira iyi ya polymerization, PMMA imatha kupangidwa m'njira zosiyanasiyana monga mapepala, ma resins, ma blocks, ndi mikanda. Guluu wa acrylic angathandizenso kufewetsa zidutswa za PMMA ndikuzilumikiza pamodzi.
PMMA ndi yosavuta kuyisintha m'njira zosiyanasiyana. Ikhoza kulumikizidwa ndi zinthu zina kuti ithandize kukulitsa mawonekedwe ake. Ndi thermoforming, imakhala yosinthasintha ikatenthedwa ndipo imalimba ikazizira. Ikhoza kukulitsidwa moyenera pogwiritsa ntchito macheka kapena kudula kwa laser. Ngati yapukutidwa, mutha kuchotsa mikwingwirima pamwamba ndikuthandizira kusunga mawonekedwe ake.
6. Kodi mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya acrylic ndi iti?
Mitundu iwiri ikuluikulu ya pulasitiki ya acrylic ndi acrylic yopangidwa ndi chitsulo ndi extruded acrylic. Acrylic yopangidwa ndi chitsulo ndi yokwera mtengo kwambiri kupanga koma ili ndi mphamvu, kulimba, kumveka bwino, kutentha bwino komanso kukhazikika kuposa acrylic yopangidwa ndi chitsulo. Acrylic yopangidwa ndi chitsulo imapereka kukana kwabwino kwa mankhwala komanso kulimba, ndipo ndi yosavuta kuyipaka utoto ndi mawonekedwe panthawi yopanga. Acrylic yopangidwa ndi chitsulo imapezekanso m'makulidwe osiyanasiyana. Acrylic yopangidwa ndi chitsulo ndi yotsika mtengo kuposa acrylic yopangidwa ndi chitsulo ndipo imapereka acrylic yokhazikika, yogwira ntchito kuposa acrylic yopangidwa ndi chitsulo (popanda mphamvu yotsika). Acrylic yopangidwa ndi chitsulo ndi yosavuta kuikonza ndi kuigwiritsa ntchito, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti ikhale njira yabwino kwambiri m'malo mwa mapepala agalasi omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito.
7. N’chifukwa chiyani acrylic imagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri?
Akiliriki nthawi zambiri imagwiritsidwa ntchito chifukwa ili ndi ubwino wofanana ndi galasi, koma yopanda mavuto a kusweka. Galasi la akiliriki lili ndi mphamvu zabwino kwambiri zowunikira ndipo lili ndi chizindikiro chofanana cha refractive monga galasi lolimba. Chifukwa cha mphamvu zake zosasweka, opanga amatha kugwiritsa ntchito ma akiliriki m'malo omwe galasi lingakhale loopsa kwambiri kapena lingalephereke (monga ma periscope a pansi pamadzi, mawindo a ndege, ndi zina zotero). Mwachitsanzo, mtundu wodziwika bwino wa galasi lopanda zipolopolo ndi chidutswa cha akiliriki cha mainchesi 1/4, chotchedwa akiliriki yolimba. Akiliriki imagwiranso ntchito bwino popanga jekeseni ndipo imatha kupangidwa kukhala mawonekedwe aliwonse omwe wopanga nkhungu angapange. Mphamvu ya galasi la akiliriki pamodzi ndi kusavuta kwake kukonza ndi kukonza zimapangitsa kuti likhale chinthu chabwino kwambiri, zomwe zimafotokoza chifukwa chake limagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri m'mafakitale ogula ndi amalonda.
Nthawi yotumizira: Disembala-13-2023
