Amabhodlela okuphuza angamabhodlela e-PET aguquliwe axutshwe ne-polyethylene naphthalate (PEN) noma amabhodlela ahlanganisiwe e-PET kanye ne-thermoplastic polyarylate. Ahlukaniswa njengamabhodlela ashisayo futhi angamelana nokushisa okungaphezu kuka-85 ° C; amabhodlela amanzi abandayo. Amabhodlela, awanazo izidingo zokumelana nokushisa. Ibhodlela elishisayo lifana nebhodlela elibandayo enqubweni yokwakha.
1. Imishini
Njengamanje, abakhiqizi bemishini yokubumba ama-PET esebenza ngokugcwele bangenisa kakhulu abavela e-SIDEL yaseFrance, e-KRONES yaseJalimane, nase-Fujian Quanguan yaseShayina. Nakuba abakhiqizi behlukile, izimiso zabo zemishini ziyafana, futhi ngokuvamile zifaka izingxenye ezinhlanu ezinkulu: uhlelo lokuhlinzeka nge-billet, uhlelo lokushisa, uhlelo lokufutha amabhodlela, uhlelo lokulawula kanye nemishini yokusiza.
2. Inqubo yokubumba nge-Blow
Inqubo yokubumba ibhodlela le-PET.
Izici ezibalulekile ezithinta inqubo yokubumba ibhodlela le-PET yi-preform, ukushisa, ukuvunguza, isikhunta kanye nendawo yokukhiqiza.
2.1 Ifomu elingaphambili
Uma ulungiselela amabhodlela afakwe umoya, ama-PET chips aqala ngokufakwa umjovo abe ama-preform. Kudinga ukuthi ingxenye yezinto zesibili ezitholiwe ingabi phezulu kakhulu (ngaphansi kuka-5%), inani lezikhathi zokubuyiselwa alikwazi ukudlula kabili, futhi isisindo sama-molecule kanye ne-viscosity akukwazi ukuba phansi kakhulu (isisindo sama-molecule 31000- 50000, i-intrinsic viscosity 0.78-0.85cm3 / g). NgokoMthetho Kazwelonke Wokuphepha Kokudla, izinto zesibili zokubuyisa akufanele zisetshenziselwe ukupakisha ukudla kanye nemithi. Ama-preform afakwe umjovo angasetshenziswa kuze kube amahora angama-24. Ama-preform angasetshenziswanga ngemva kokufudumala kumele agcinwe amahora angaphezu kwama-48 ukuze aphinde afudumale. Isikhathi sokugcina sama-preform asikwazi ukudlula izinyanga eziyisithupha.
Ikhwalithi ye-preform incike kakhulu kwikhwalithi yezinto ze-PET. Izinto ezilula ukuzivundisa futhi ezilula ukuzibumba kufanele zikhethwe, futhi inqubo yokubumba ye-preform efanelekile kufanele isetshenziswe. Ukuhlolwa kubonise ukuthi ama-preform angenisiwe enziwe ngezinto ze-PET ezine-viscosity efanayo kulula ukuwaphehla isikhunta kunezinto zasekhaya; kuyilapho iqembu elifanayo lama-preform linezinsuku zokukhiqiza ezahlukene, inqubo yokubumba ingase ihluke kakhulu. Ikhwalithi ye-preform inquma ubunzima benqubo yokubumba isikhunta. Izidingo ze-preform ubumsulwa, ukucaca, ukungabi nakungcola, ukungabi nombala, kanye nobude bendawo yokujova kanye ne-halo ezungezile.
2.2 Ukushisa
Ukushisa kwe-preform kuqedwa yi-oven yokushisa, izinga lokushisa layo lisethwa ngesandla futhi lilungiswe ngokusebenzayo. Ku-oven, ishubhu lesibani se-far-infrared limemezela ukuthi i-far-infrared ifudumeza i-preform ngokukhanya okukhulu, kanti ifeni elingaphansi kwe-oven lijikeleza ukushisa ukuze lenze izinga lokushisa ngaphakathi kwe-oven lilingane. Ama-preform ajikeleza ndawonye ekuqhubekeni phambili ku-oven, ukuze izindonga zama-preform zifudunyezwe ngokulinganayo.
Ukubekwa kwezibani kuhhavini ngokuvamile kusesimweni "sendawo" kusukela phezulu kuya phansi, kuneziphetho eziningi kanye nendawo ephakathi nendawo encane. Ukushisa kwehhavini kulawulwa yinani lezimbobo zezibani, ukuhlelwa kwezinga lokushisa lilonke, amandla ehhavini kanye nesilinganiso sokushisa sesigaba ngasinye. Ukuvulwa kwepayipi lesibani kufanele kulungiswe kanye nebhodlela elivuthelwe ngaphambilini.
Ukuze i-oven isebenze kangcono, ukulungiswa kokuphakama kwayo, ipuleti lokupholisa, njll. kubaluleke kakhulu. Uma ukulungiswa kungalungile, kulula ukuvuvukala umlomo webhodlela (umlomo webhodlela uba mkhulu) kanye nekhanda nentamo eqinile (izinto zentamo azikwazi ukudonswa zivuleke) ngesikhathi sokubumba umoya kanye nezinye izinkinga.
2.3 Ukushaya ngaphambi kokuqhuma
Ukuvuthela ngaphambi kokushaya kuyisinyathelo esibaluleke kakhulu endleleni yokuvuthela ibhodlela enezinyathelo ezimbili. Kubhekisela ekuvutheleni ngaphambi kokushaya okuqala lapho ibha yokudonsa yehla ngesikhathi senqubo yokubumba, ukuze i-preform ithathe isimo. Kule nqubo, ukuqondiswa kokuvuthela ngaphambi kokushaya, ingcindezi yangaphambi kokushaya kanye nokugeleza kokuvuthela kuyizinto ezintathu ezibalulekile zenqubo.
Ukuma kwesimo sebhodlela langaphambi kokuqhuma kunquma ubunzima benqubo yokubumba ibhodlela kanye nekhwalithi yomsebenzi webhodlela. Ukuma kwebhodlela langaphambi kokuqhuma okuvamile kufana ne-spindle, kanti okungavamile kufaka phakathi ukuma kwe-sub-bell kanye nesimo sesibambo. Isizathu sokuma okungavamile ukufudumeza kwendawo okungafanele, ukucindezela okunganele kwangaphambi kokuqhuma noma ukugeleza kokuqhuma, njll. Usayizi webhodlela langaphambi kokuqhuma uncike ekucindezelweni kwangaphambi kokuqhuma kanye nokuqondiswa kwangaphambi kokuqhuma. Ekukhiqizeni, usayizi kanye nesimo sawo wonke amabhodlela angaphambi kokuqhuma kuyo yonke imishini kumele kugcinwe ndawonye. Uma kukhona umehluko, kufanele kutholakale izizathu ezinemininingwane. Inqubo yokushisa noma yangaphambi kokuqhuma ingalungiswa ngokuya ngezimo zebhodlela langaphambi kokuqhuma.
Ubukhulu bomfutho wangaphambi kokuvuthela buyahlukahluka ngobukhulu bebhodlela kanye nomthamo wemishini. Ngokuvamile, umthamo mkhulu kanti umfutho wangaphambi kokuvuthela mncane. Imishini inamandla aphezulu okukhiqiza kanye nomfutho ophezulu wangaphambi kokuvuthela.
2.4 Umshini wokusiza kanye nesikhunta
Umshini osizayo ubhekisela kakhulu emishinini egcina izinga lokushisa lesikhunta lingaguquguquki. Izinga lokushisa elingaguquguquki lesikhunta lidlala indima ebalulekile ekugcineni ukuzinza komkhiqizo. Ngokuvamile, izinga lokushisa lomzimba webhodlela liphezulu, kanti izinga lokushisa eliphansi lebhodlela liphansi. Kumabhodlela abandayo, ngoba umphumela wokupholisa phansi unquma izinga lokuma kwama-molecule, kungcono ukulawula izinga lokushisa ku-5-8 ° C; kanti izinga lokushisa eliphansi lebhodlela elishisayo liphakeme kakhulu.
2.5 Imvelo
Ikhwalithi yendawo yokukhiqiza nayo inomthelela omkhulu ekulungisweni kwenqubo. Izimo zokushisa ezizinzile zingagcina ukuzinza kwenqubo kanye nokuqina komkhiqizo. Ukubumba amabhodlela e-PET ngokuvamile kungcono kakhulu ekushiseni kwegumbi kanye nomswakama ophansi.
3. Ezinye izidingo
Ibhodlela lokucindezela kufanele lihlangabezane nezidingo zokuhlolwa kokucindezeleka kanye nokuhlolwa kokucindezela ndawonye. Ukuhlolwa kokucindezeleka ukuvimbela ukuqhekeka nokuvuza kweketanga lama-molecule ngesikhathi sokuxhumana phakathi kwephansi lebhodlela kanye ne-lubricant (i-alkaline) ngesikhathi sokugcwalisa ibhodlela le-PET. Ukuhlolwa kokucindezela ukugwema ukugcwaliswa kwebhodlela. Ukulawulwa kwekhwalithi ngemuva kokuqhuma kwegesi ethile yokucindezela. Ukuze kwaneliswe lezi zidingo ezimbili, ubukhulu bephuzu eliphakathi kufanele bulawulwe ngaphakathi kobubanzi obuthile. Isimo esijwayelekile ukuthi iphuzu eliphakathi lincane, ukuhlolwa kokucindezeleka kuhle, kanye nokumelana nokucindezela kubi; iphuzu eliphakathi likhulu, ukuhlolwa kokucindezela kuhle, kanye nokuhlolwa kokucindezeleka kubi. Vele, imiphumela yokuhlolwa kokucindezeleka ihlobene kakhulu nokuqongelela kwezinto endaweni yokuguquka ezungeze iphuzu eliphakathi, okufanele kulungiswe ngokuya ngolwazi olusebenzayo.
4. Isiphetho
Ukulungiswa kwenqubo yokubumba amabhodlela e-PET kusekelwe kudatha ehambisanayo. Uma idatha imbi, izidingo zenqubo ziqinile kakhulu, futhi kunzima ngisho nokubumba amabhodlela afanelekayo.
Isikhathi sokuthunyelwe: Meyi-09-2020
