Ko te tukanga hanga rauemi takai kirihou i roto i te umanga whakapaipai e wehea ana kia rua ngā wāhanga matua: te hanga werohanga me te hanga pupuhi.
Te Whakarewa Werohanga
He aha te tukanga whakakoi werohanga?
Ko te werohanga whakarewa he tukanga whakamahana me te whakakirikiri i te kirihou (te whakamahana me te whakarewa hei wai, te āhua kirihou), kātahi ka pēhia kia werohia ki roto i te wāhi pokepoke kua kati, kia whakamatao ai, kia totoka ai i roto i te pokepoke, kia puta ai he hua he rite te āhua ki te pokepoke. He pai mō te hanga papatipu o ngā wāhanga he uaua te āhua.
Ngā āhuatanga o te tukanga whakakoi werohanga:
1. Tere tere te whakaputa, tino pai te mahi, teitei te taumata o te aunoatanga mahi
2. He tino tika te hua, ā, he iti noa te hapa āhua
3. Ka taea te whakaputa i ngā wāhanga me ngā āhua uaua
4. Te utu nui o te pokepokea ai
Ko te nuinga o ā mātoupounamu haukore, pounamu hinu kiri rua-pakipaka whakaputaina mā te tukanga werohanga.
Te whakakoi pupuhi
Ngā āhuatanga o te tukanga pupuhi whakarewa:
I te ako i ngā akoranga mai i te tukanga pupuhi karāhe tuku iho, ka whakamahia e te pupuhi whakarewa te hau kōpeke me te pēhanga motuhake hei pupuhi me te whakamatao i te preform (te tinana kirihou ngongo kua oti te whakaoti) i roto i te pokepoke hei tukanga hanga mō ngā hua tuwhera. He pai mō te hanga papatipu o ngā ipu kirihou tuwhera.
He aha ngā āhuatanga o te tukanga pupuhi-whakakikorua?
1. Tikanga whakaputa māmā, te pai o te whakaputa me te aunoatanga
2. Te tika o te rahinga iti
3. He here kei runga i te āhua o te hua
4. Utu iti mō te pokepokea ai
E ai ki ngā mahi whakaputa me ngā tukanga whakaputa rerekē, ka taea te wehewehe i te pupuhi hangai ki ngā momo e toru: te pupuhi whakaputa, te pupuhi werohanga, me te pupuhi totoro werohanga.
Ko te tuatahi ko te pēhi me te pupuhi. E ai ki te ingoa, e rua ngā taahiraa matua o te pupuhi whakapūtanga: te whakapūtanga me te pupuhi whakahāngai.
Ko te taahiraa tuatahi ko te whakaputa i te katinga pokepokea ai-parison.Ka pēhia tonutia te taputapu whakaputa hei hanga i tētahi parison ngongo tuwhera.Ina whakapūtātia te parison ki tētahi roa kua whakaritea, ka tapahia te tihi o te parison ki tētahi roa e tika ana mō tētahi wahi kotahi, ā, ka katihia ngā pokepoke i te taha mauī me te taha matau.
Ko te taahiraa tuarua, te whakaurunga hau - te kuti.Ka werohia te hau kōpeke ki roto i te preform mā te mandrel hei pupuhi.Ka piri pū te parison ki te pakitara o roto o te pokepokea ai hei whakamatao, hei hanga āhua hoki, kātahi ka tangohia te hua i te pokepokea ai, kātahi ka mahia te tapahi tuarua.He iti te utu o ngā taputapu me ngā pokepokea ai, ā, he iti anō hoki te utu whakaputa.
Heoi, ka puta te kanapa i te wā o te tukanga whakaputa, ā, me kuti ā-ringa, ā-ringa rānei te waha me te raro o te pounamu, ā, i ētahi wā me oro me te kuti te waha o te pounamu.
He rārangi wehewehe (he pūwero rārangi) kei raro o ngā pounamu kirihou kua whakapūhia ki te pupuhi-whakaputa, ā, he taratara, kāore i te maeneene te waha o te pounamu, nō reira ka tūpono ētahi ki te turuturu wai. Ko te tikanga he mea hanga ēnei pounamu ki te rauemi PE, ā, e whakamahia ana i roto i ngā mea whakapaipai pērā i ngā pounamu pahuka, ngā hinu tinana, ngā hopi horoi makawe me ngā whakangawari.
Ko te momo tuarua ko te werohanga pupuhi, e rua ngā taahiraa matua: te werohanga-pupuhi-whakahāngai.
Hipanga 1: Whakatakotoria te katinga o te pokepokea ai werohanga.
Whakamahia te tukanga whakahāngai werohanga hei whakaputa i tētahi parison raro, ā, ka huri te papatohu 120° ki te hononga whakahāngai pupuhi.
Ka katia te pokepokea ai, ka kuhua te hau pēhia ki roto i te parison mā roto i ngā pūwero o te mandrel hei hanga i te pupuhi.
Hipanga 2: Whakaritea te whakamātao me te tango i te whakarewa.
I muri i te whakamaroketanga me te whakakōpikopikotanga o te hua i whakakōpikopikotia, ka huri te papatohu 120° hei tango i te hua. Kāore e hiahiatia he tapahi tuarua, nō reira he teitei te taumata o te aunoatanga me te whai huatanga o te whakaputa. Nā te mea ka pupuhihia te pounamu mai i te parison i whakakōpikopikotia, he papatahi te waha o te pounamu, ā, he pai ake ngā āhuatanga hiri o te pounamu, pērā i teTB07 raupapa pounamu pupuhi.
Ko te momo tuatoru ko te kukume me te pupuhi. E toru ngā taahiraa: te werohanga-te totoro-te hanga pupuhi.
He rerekē te momo pupuhi werohanga tepu hurihuri, ko te pupuhi totoro werohanga he whakaputanga raina huihuinga.
Hipanga 1: Whakatakotoria te katinga o te pokepokea ai werohanga
Whakatakotoria te āhua i hangaia mā te werohanga ki roto i te pokepokea ai
Whakauruhia te tokotoko totoro ka kati i te pokepokea ki maui me te matau.
Hipanga 2: Te Totoro-Te Pupuhi-Te Whakamatao me te Whakaweto
Ka totorohia te tokotoko totoro ki te taha roa, ko te hau ka werohia mā roto i te tokotoko totoro hei totoro taha.
Te whakamatao me te hanga, te tango i te hua me te tango atu
Ko te werohanga totoro te mea he tino kounga, he tika, he utu nui hoki i roto i te tukanga pupuhi whakarewa.
I tēnei wā, e rua ngā tikanga whakaputa i roto i te tukanga pupuhi totoro werohanga, e kiia nei ko: te tikanga kotahi-taahiraa me te tikanga rua-taahiraa. Ka oti ngātahi te hanga werohanga me te hanga pupuhi i roto i te tikanga kotahi-taahiraa, ā, ka oti motuhake ngā mahi e rua hei tikanga rua-taahiraa.
Ki te whakatauritea ki te tikanga e rua-taahiraa, ka oti te tikanga kotahi-taahiraa i roto i ngā taputapu kotahi-taahiraa mai i ngā rauemi mata ki te hua kua oti. He māmā noa te tukanga whakaputa, ā, kāore e whakaaetia te whakamahana tuarua, nō reira he iti ake te whakapaunga pūngao.
Ko te tikanga e rua ngā taahiraa e hiahia ana kia werohia te preform tuatahi, kātahi ka tukatuka tuarua i runga i te mīhini pupuhi. Ko te pupuhi te mea e hiahia ana kia whakamahana tuarua i te preform kua whakamataohia, nō reira he nui te kaha e pau ana.
Ko te nuinga o ngā kōrero i ahu mai i te mekameka tuku taonga ataahua a CiE.
Wā tuku: Hakihea-29-2021
